Teledermatología sincrónica en tiempos de Covid-19. Percepción del dermatólogo / Synchronous teledermatology in times of Covid-19. Dermatologist perception

Teledermatology (TD) is a remote medical care tool that experienced a great boom during the COVID19 pandemic, resulting in an increase in both, the number of remote consultations and the number of dermatologists who practice it. Several studies have reported a high degree of satisfaction among patients attended by this method. However, few studies have done so in dermatologists. We set out to investigate the experience of Chilean dermatologists with the tool by means of an online survey. Results. A total of 156 surveys were completed. The number of dermatologists using TD increased from 19.9% to 80.8% during the pandemic. They cited the absence of the physical examination-dermatoscopy as the main limitation to developing TD and reported feeling more comfortable with some pathologies. Dermatologists feel moderately comfortable and confident with the tool, however, they experienced varying degrees of stress and frustration. Only 40.8% plan to continue using TD in the future. Conclusion. Synchronous TD has clear limitations, however, these should emerge as an opportunity to consider in its development and its platforms, in order to generate a more comfortable tool for more dermatologists and thus extend its use, as an important tool for equal access to health care in Chile. (AU)

Implementation of a Telecardiology Service in a Health Unit in the City of Porto Alegre, Brazil: A Pilot Study

Abstract Background: The implementation of Telecardiology in primary care in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, is a viable and promising strategy. It would decrease the distance between patient and specialized professional services by reducing unnecessary referrals and improving the quality of primary care and satisfaction of patients and health professionals. Objective: To implement a Telecardiology service and assess user satisfaction using the CARDIOSATIS scale. Methods: This was a pilot study developed by a partnership between the Institute of Cardiology and the Telehealth Center of Rio Grande do Sul. The study was carried out at Eri Flores-Vila Vargas health center in the city of Porto Alegre, from May to October 2019, and included 21 patients attending the health center. The descriptive analysis of data was performed using the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Sciences) version 23. Data normality was checked using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical significance was set at 10%. Results: Mean age of participants was 43.8 ± 16.1 years. The most common risk factors in the sample were physical inactivity (81%) and smoking (43%). Most patients had normal electrocardiogram (ECG) readings. The time elapsed from the performance of the ECG test, transmission of the ECG traces to Telehealth, and return of the final ECG report to the health center was 0-7 days. The CARDIOSATIS scale revealed a high prevalence of "very satisfied" users for the general satisfaction domain, and only 14.3% of patients were dissatisfied with their health. Conclusions: Telecardiology reduced the distance between patient and the specialized professional, with a high level of patient and health professional satisfaction. Our study can serve as a basis for the implementation of a telecardiology network in the city of Porto Alegre in the future.

Pacientes con sospecha de errores congéntitos del metabolismo: evaluación de la consulta a distancia en el marco del programa de referencia y contrarreferencia / Patients with suspected inborn errors of metabolism: evaluation of distance consultation within the framework of the referral/counter-referral program

Introducción: Los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (ECM) son enfermedades poco frecuentes, que para su diagnóstico requieren de especialistas y laboratorios específicos no disponibles en todo el país. El programa de referencia/contra-referencia del Hospital Garrahan ofrece la posibilidad de realizar consultas a través de la Oficina de Comunicación a Distancia (OCD). Objetivos: Evaluar la consulta de pacientes con sospecha de ECM en el marco del programa de referencia/contra-referencia. Comparar estas consultas con las efectuadas en forma presencial. Establecer indicadores de impacto y eficiencia asistencial para estas poblaciones. Explorar la calidad de las consultas a distancia y la percepción del consultante en relación a la respuesta obtenida. Metodología: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y comparativo.Unidad de estudio: consultas hechas a través de la OCD y consultas presenciales realizadas al servicio de ECM desde el 1 de julio de 2010 hasta el 15 de mayo de 2011. Se excluyeron las consultas sin intermediario médico y las motivadas por una pesquisa neonatal patológica. Resultados: Se realizaron 142 consultas a ECM a través de la OCD y 254 a través de otras vías de consulta presencial. El tiempo para responder a las consultas por OCD fue de X 30 hs (mediana 24,2 hs) y para las consultas presenciales (en pacientes internados: X 153,6 hs y mediana 48 hs y en pacientes ambulatorios X 1010 hs, mediana 216 hs). No hubo diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos en diagnósticos realizados (RR 0,58; IC: 0,29-1,14) ni en el tiempo necesario para alcanzar o descartar ECM (log rank test p 0,18). Tampoco hubo diferencias en la mortalidad de ambos grupos (RR: 1,1 IC 0,12-9,44). Conclusiones: La OCD es una forma eficiente de consulta al servicio de ECM con rápida respuesta del especialista,que permite diagnosticar o descartar ECM con frecuencia similar a las consultas por otras vías de consultas.

Introduction: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are rare dis-eases. For the diagnosis they require specialists and special-ized laboratories which are not widely available in the country. The referral/counter-referral program of the Garrahan Hospital provides the possibility of consultation with specialists through the Office of Outreach Communication (OOC). Objectives: To evaluate consultations of patients with a suspected IEM within the framework of the referral/counter-referral program and to compare them with those of patients seen at the hospital; to determine impact and efficiency of care indicators for this patient population; to assess the quality of these distance consultations and how the response is perceived by the con-sulting physician. Methodology: A prospective, observational, and comparative study was conducted. Study subject: Con-sultations made through the OOC and consultations made at the service of IEM between July 1, 2010 and May 15, 2011. Consultations that were not made by a physician or those made following neonatal screening were excluded. Results: 142 consultations for IEM were made through the OOC and 254 were made directly at the service of IEM. Mean time to respond to consultations through the OOC was 30 hours (me-dian 24.2 hours) and mean time to respond to consultations at the service of IEM was 153.6 hours (median 48 hours) for inpatients and 1010 hours (median 216 hours) for outpatients. No significant difference was found in diagnoses made (RR 0.58; CI: 0.29-1.14) or in time needed to reach a diagnosis of or rule out IEM (log-rank test p=0.18) between both groups. There were no differences found in mortality between both groups (RR: 1.1; CI: 0.12-9.44). Conclusions: The OOC is an efficient tool for consultation at the service of IEM with a fast response by the specialist allowing to diagnose or rule out IEM with a response rate similar to other forms of consultation.

Telemedicina / Telemedicine

El uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones ha aumentado las expectativas en la salud de los ciudadanos, se presentan como una herramienta fundamental para lograr la consolidación de un sistema integral de salud, apoyando en el desarrollo de acciones estratégicas en la toma de decisiones, al propiciar una mejora en el traslado y obtención de la información del paciente

Teledermatología: ¿qué, cuándo y cómo?: [revisión] / Teledermatology: what, when and how?: [review]

La telemedicina es un campo con un alcance enorme, el que se ha expandido en los últimos años. Particularmente las especialidades gráficas, como por ejemplo la Dermatología, tienen un papel crucial en este terreno. La teledermatología tiene enormes beneficios como son: permitir el acceso a consultas especializadas de poblaciones remotas y con pocos recursos, realizar interconsultas entre expertos para casos complicados, brindar educación médica continua; no obstante se deben conocer sus limitaciones y obstáculos.

Telemedicine is an area with enormous potential that has expanded greatly in the last few years. Particularly specialties that rely on images, like Dermatology, have an important role in the field. Teledermatology brings on a lot of benefits, such as bringing specialty care to remote populations without resources, allowing experts to exchange ideas on difficult cases, continuing medical education; but it also has limitations and obstacles that need to be acknowledged.